More about Vitamin B6Vitamin B6 is in a tight race with B12 for the number-one spot among the B vitamins due to its influence on the complicated machine called the human body. The key functions of B6 include the formation of neurotransmitters, the metabolization of amino acids, and the support of the immune system. B6 also plays important roles in regulating water and hormone balance, storing energy, nerve functioning, and protein metabolism. Amino acid metabolismOne of B6's main roles is in the metabolism of amino acids, which is not to imply that B6 will make your muscles grow like the national debt. B6's role is rather complicated, but simply stated, it helps break down (metabolize) proteins into amino acids to be used by the body to form new tissue, including muscle. While it may not directly influence muscle building, Vitamin B6 is important in the formation of muscle proteins. And, athletes, especially those on high-protein diets, likely have a greater need for B6. If the Human Performance version of Trivial Pursuit ever comes out, make note that as much as 80% of the body's stores of B6 are contained within muscle tissue. Nurturing levels of neurotransmittersVitamin B6 plays a vital role in the formation of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and GABA. These neurotransmitters are instrumental in the regulation of our mental processes, mood, and "mental" energy levels. A popularized example of the capabilities of B6 can be seen with many of the 5-HTP products — because B6 is a catalyst in the conversion of 5-HTP to serotonin, many 5-HTP products contain B6. Immune supportNumerous studies have documented the immediate negative impact of Vitamin B6 deficiency on the immune system. Those already at risk for compromised immune functioning, such as the elderly and individuals suffering from HIV, are most at risk. However, intense exercise can also have negative effects on immune functioning, so athletes would be wise to ensure they have adequate B6 levels to avoid such complications. Energy enhancementAnother positive: Vitamin B6 aids in the formation and use of protein, using the energy that is "stored" in our muscle tissues and livers (called glycogen). So, during intense workouts, our muscles can use this energy to work even harder, which supports increased metabolism and lean mass. Nerve protection for greater joint healthJoint pain can result from nerve damage, which may be experienced by some hard-training athletes. Fortunately, B6 has also been shown to decrease joint pain and muscle fatigue after intense workouts and even relieve chronic joint complications. It has been reported to even be part of an effective treatment for carpel tunnel syndrome. It may help by improving both joint mobility and nerve impulses, but the jury is still deciding on this. Reduce water retentionBy regulating water balance and the potassium-sodium balance, B6 may help flush excess water out of the body. As a natural diuretic, it may be useful for people who are trying to drop water weight prior to competition. Make note that there are more potent natural diuretics and that loss of water weight can negatively affect performance and is, of course, quite temporary. PMS reliefFor women, B6 may reduce many of the side effects of PMS, such as water retention, hormone imbalances, mood swings, cramping, acne, dry skin, and an overall feeling of physical and emotional fatigue. B6 may produce its greatest impact by acting on the production of serotonin and dopamine. Research has shown significant relief from PMS-related symptoms with the daily dosage of 100 mg (in two 50-mg doses). Deficiency risksThough found in many foods, deficiencies are actually on the rise, most likely due to the fact that processing of food depletes nutrients. This increases the need for supplementation, especially during increased levels of stress — physical or emotional. Interestingly, many foods in the U.S., such as bread, are "fortified" with B6, but when the food is processed, the nutrient is again removed. So when you think you're getting enough from the foods you eat, you could be mistaken. In conclusionMost commonly supplemented as part of a B-complex, B6 appears to be a safe and natural way to enhance amino acid metabolism, energy use, and neurotransmitter production. Plus, it appears to support a strong immune system — making Vitamin B6 a powerful precursor to positive physical and mental well-being. | 
